If you have IgA nephropathy (IgAN), also called Berger disease, you may be aware of how your dietary choices may affect your kidneys and overall health. Although diet doesn’t cause IgAN, some foods or drinks may support kidney function, while others may put stress on your kidneys.

Many people with IgAN can enjoy a wide range of foods in moderation. It just comes down to monitoring some foods and practicing certain lifestyle habits that support your kidney function, current disease state, and other health conditions.

If you’re in the early stages of IgAN, you may not need restrictions on nutrients such as potassium or phosphorus. Because nutrition needs can vary so much from person to person, it’s essential to follow the guidance of your nephrology healthcare team.

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How Food Affects IgA Nephropathy

The kidneys are the body’s major filtration system. They regulate electrolyte levels, which affect many of the body’s functions, including those of the heart and muscles. The kidneys also keep our blood clean and free from a buildup of waste products. In IgAN, inflammation in the kidneys can interfere with the natural kidney processes over time.

Nutrition needs for IgAN vary depending on kidney function, the amount of protein in the urine (proteinuria), and sensitivity to sodium. Eating too much protein may make the kidneys work harder and increase proteinuria, depending on the stage of kidney disease. Certain proteins may be easier on the kidneys, like plant-based sources.

Cutting back on dietary sodium (salt) is one of the most important diet changes for managing IgAN. That’s because too much can cause higher blood pressure, putting pressure on the kidneys.

“I ordered some specific stage 3 chronic kidney disease cookbooks. The recipes that I have tried have been good, and others sound good!”

— A myIgANteam member

How does that translate into real-life food choices? In general, avoiding fast food and processed foods is a positive step. However, not all healthy foods are suitable for people with kidney disease. Here are some examples of kidney-friendly foods and foods to cut back on.

IgA Nephropathy: 5 Foods To Avoid

Processed meats like pepperoni, ham, sausages, and hot dogs are high in sodium and additives. These products aren’t healthy in general, but can be particularly unhealthy for someone with impaired kidney function. If pepperoni pizza is your go-to, consider switching it up for a plain cheese or veggie pie. Making pizza at home rather than ordering out allows you to choose lower-sodium ingredients.

Potato-based snacks such as french fries and potato chips are often covered with salt. If you’re craving fries or chips, watch your portions and try to limit yourself to just a few bites. You can also try swapping them for unsalted popcorn.

Ice cream is high in saturated fat and sugar. Eating too much saturated fat can raise cholesterol levels and increase the risk of heart disease. People with chronic kidney disease already have a higher risk of heart disease.

Kidney disease often occurs alongside heart disease or diabetes, which can affect your dietary needs. Ice cream also contains phosphorus, which some people with kidney disease may need to limit.

If ice cream is one of your favorite treats, ask your kidney specialist how much you can safely eat in one sitting. You may be able to enjoy ice cream a few days a week by balancing out your other food choices.

Another option is to substitute ice cream with alternative frozen snacks and desserts, like homemade ice pops or sorbet.

Prunes can be tricky when it comes to an IgAN meal plan. Many people think of prunes as a superfood, but sometimes, so-called healthy snacks aren’t the best choice for people with chronic kidney disease. Dried fruits, including prunes, can be high in potassium, so you may need to limit them if your healthcare team has advised you to watch your potassium intake.

If you’re craving fruit, go for the fresh versions instead. If you’re watching your potassium levels, low-potassium fruits include pineapple, watermelon, blueberries, and raspberries. Talk to your healthcare provider to find out if you have any restrictions on fruit and what portions they recommend for you.

Many canned soups are high in sodium, which people with IgAN are generally advised to limit. Before buying low-sodium canned soup, check the food label. Some low-sodium soups are flavored with potassium chloride, a salt substitute that makes them too high in potassium for people with end-stage kidney disease.

Instead, learn to make low-sodium soups at home. You can also ask your healthcare provider to suggest some low-sodium brands that fit your diet.