If you have IgA nephropathy (IgAN), also called Berger disease, you may be aware of how your dietary choices may impact your kidneys. Although diet doesn’t cause IgA nephropathy, some foods or drinks may support kidney function, while others may put stress on your kidneys.

Many people with IgA nephropathy can enjoy a wide range of foods in moderation. It just comes down to monitoring some foods and practicing certain lifestyle habits that support your kidney function, current disease state, and other health conditions.

If you’re in the early stages of IgA nephropathy, you likely do not need strict dietary restrictions. If your condition is more advanced, you may need to follow more specific guidelines. Because nutrition needs can vary so much from person to person, it’s essential to follow the guidance of your nephrology healthcare team.

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How Food Affects IgA Nephropathy

The kidneys are the body’s major filtration system. They regulate electrolyte levels, which affect many of the body’s functions, including those of the heart and muscles. The kidneys also keep our blood “clean” — free from a buildup of waste products. In IgAN, inflammation in the kidneys can interfere with the natural kidney processes over time.

Nutrition needs for IgAN vary depending on kidney function, the amount of protein in the urine (proteinuria), and sensitivity to sodium. Eating too much protein may make the kidneys work harder and increase proteinuria, depending on the stage of kidney disease. Certain proteins may be easier on the kidneys, like plant-based sources.

Cutting back on dietary sodium (salt) is one of the most important diet changes for managing IgA nephropathy. That’s because too much can cause higher blood pressure, putting pressure on the kidneys.

How does that translate into real-life food choices? In general, avoiding fast food and processed foods is a positive step. However, not all healthy foods are suitable for people with kidney disease. Here are some examples of kidney-friendly foods and foods to cut back on.

IgA Nephropathy: 5 Foods To Eat

1. Root Vegetables

Root vegetables like carrots are good sources of fiber, which can help with kidney disease by preventing constipation and helping you feel full longer. Carrots are naturally lower in sodium, as long as you don’t add salt to your recipes. which is important for IgA nephrology management. They’re also not as high in potassium as many other fruits and vegetables, making carrots a safer choice for chronic kidney disease.

For people with chronic kidney disease or later stages of IgA nephropathy, finding fresh plant foods that don’t have too much potassium can be a challenge. Root vegetables offer beneficial nutrients that help lower inflammation and keep your body healthy.

Root vegetables keep well in the refrigerator and can be added to a variety of dishes. Try grilling or roasting root vegetables or adding raw slices to salads and sandwiches for extra color and crunch. If you’re on a tight potassium restriction, your doctor may advise boiling veggies and discarding the water before preparing them.

2. Egg Whites

Although too much protein at once may be harmful, people with IgA nephropathy or those on dialysis still need protein to help keep muscles and bones strong. Eggs are an excellent source of high-quality protein. If limiting phosphorus is recommended by your healthcare team or dietitian, you can simply remove the yolk.

Separate egg yolks from the whites by using the shell as a cup, or buy egg whites in a carton for convenience. You can also hard-boil them and just eat the white portion. To keep eggs IgA nephropathy friendly, prepare them with minimal added salt.

3. Eggplant

Eggplant is naturally low in sodium, potassium, protein, and phosphorus, making it a good choice for people with various kidney-related dietary restrictions.

Try a healthier version of eggplant parmesan by breading eggplant slices with low-sodium breadcrumbs and Italian seasonings. Crisp the slices on a baking sheet, layer them with just a little low-sodium tomato sauce and mozzarella cheese, and bake as a casserole. Dinner will be ready in no time.

You can also use eggplant to make Greek and Middle Eastern dishes like baba ghanoush (a dip). Just be mindful of the sodium content in your recipes. Another good option is to grill marinated eggplant and use it instead of meat in wrap sandwiches.

4. Cauliflower

Cauliflower offers a tasty way for people with various stages of kidney disease or IgAN to enjoy a low-sodium, low-carb, and vegetarian side or swap. You can replace high-potassium potatoes with cauliflower in many types of recipes.

Try steaming and mashing cauliflower instead of potatoes to make a new version of the familiar side dish. Chopped, roasted cauliflower is also delicious. Simply toss the florets with some olive oil, garlic powder, and black pepper, then spread them on a baking sheet and roast until crisp.

5. Sushi

Sushi rolls containing seafood, veggies, and white rice can provide a good balance for people with kidney disease. Fresh-fish versions without added sugar or sauces are a great choice, but be cautious about raw sushi if you have end-stage renal (kidney) disease. You’ll get some protein, vitamins, and fiber, and white rice is low in potassium and phosphorus. Just be sure to skip the soy sauce because of its high sodium content.

IgA Nephropathy: 5 Foods To Avoid

1. Pepperoni

Processed meats like pepperoni, ham, sausages, and hot dogs are high in sodium and additives. These products aren’t healthy in general but can be particularly unhealthy for someone with impaired kidney function. If pepperoni pizza is your go-to, consider switching it up for a plain cheese or veggie pie. Making pizza at home rather than ordering out allows you to choose lower-sodium ingredients.

2. French Fries

Potato-based snacks such as french fries and potato chips are often covered with salt. If you’re craving fries or chips, watch your portions and try to limit yourself to just a few bites. You can also try swapping them for unsalted popcorn.

Dairy products like ice cream have a significant amount of phosphorus, which can be problematic for some people with kidney disease.

3. Ice Cream

Ice cream is high in saturated fat and sugar. Too much can lead to high cholesterol in the blood and increase the risk of a heart attack, which is a risk factor for IgAN. Many people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) also have heart disease or diabetes (or both), so it’s best to avoid large quantities of ice cream to avoid high blood pressure and blood sugar levels. In addition, dairy products have a significant amount of phosphorus, which can be problematic for some people with kidney disease.

If ice cream is one of your favorite treats, ask your kidney specialist how much you can safely eat in one sitting. You may be able to enjoy ice cream a few days a week by balancing out your other food choices. Another option: Substitute ice cream with alternative frozen snacks and desserts, like homemade ice pops or sorbet.

4. Prunes and Other Dried Fruits

Prunes can be tricky when it comes to an IgAN meal plan. Many people think of prunes as a superfood, but sometimes, so-called healthy snacks aren’t the best choice for people with chronic kidney disease. Drying prunes or other fruits concentrates their calorie content and should be limited.

If you’re craving fruit, go for the fresh versions instead. If you’re watching your potassium levels, low-potassium fruits include pineapple, watermelon, blueberries, and raspberries. Talk to your healthcare provider to find out if you have any restrictions on fruit and what portions they recommend for you.

5. Canned Soup

Soup is usually high in sodium and not recommended for IgAN. Before buying low-sodium canned soup, check the food label. Some low-sodium soups are flavored with potassium chloride, a salt substitute that makes them too high in potassium for people with end-stage kidney disease.

Instead, learn to make low-sodium soups at home. You can also ask your healthcare provider to suggest some low-sodium brands that fit your diet.

Join the Conversation

On myIgANteam, people share their experiences with IgA nephropathy (IgAN), get advice, and find support from others who understand.

What’s your daily diet go-to for kidney health? Let others know in the comments below.